A laboratory refrigerator is equipment that allows the effective storage of all types of substances that are refrigerated, whether liquid, solid or homogeneous. This is why it is considered an essential piece of equipment within the laboratory.
It acts by lowering the temperature, so it allows controlling the effect that it has on substances whose composition and structure is intended to be preserved, this is because the lower the temperature will be the rate at which chemical and metabolic reactions occur, which deteriorate the compounds. That is why they are used in the conservation of blood and derivatives, biological fluids and tissues, reagents, chemicals, and bacterial strains.
In other words, this equipment is used for the preservation of substances such as reagents and biological elements which, if kept at room temperature, would decompose or alter their properties. They provide conditions through which it is possible to preserve those elements such as blood and blood derivatives that are necessary for diagnosis, research and the provision of health services.
What is a laboratory freezer?
A freezer, is a refrigeration equipment that has a thermally insulated compartment, which helps to keep it cold and thus avoid damage or degradation. This equipment works by compression or absorption, by means of which it is able to keep the products stored inside at a temperature below 0 ºC, normally between -30 °C and -4 °C.
Although some equipment can reach temperatures of -80 ºC. Its function is to maintain, in a controlled environment, various fluids and substances, so that they are preserved in good conditions, because the lower the temperature, the less chemical and biological activity. This requires that the refrigerator’s interior temperature be below room temperature.
Types of laboratory refrigerators and freezers
Laboratory refrigerators and freezers are classified according to their temperature range:
- Storage cooler: This type of cooler has the capacity to operate from 0°C to 8°C of temperature.
- Low-temperature freezers: This type of refrigerator has the ability to refrigerate at temperatures ranging from 0°C to -30°C.
- Ultra Low Temperature Freezers: This type of refrigerator preserves substances at temperatures ranging from 0°C to -86°C.
Importance of refrigerators and freezers
Refrigerators and freezers are essential equipment throughout the laboratory, as these equipment ensure the conservation of substances by generating and maintaining negative temperatures to thermal levels. For its optimal functioning they must comply with certain characteristics, such as optimized thermal insulation, temperature maintenance and the ability to program and regulate the temperature with the support of electronic alarms that notify the laboratory staff about breakdowns or defects.
For optimum operation, the refrigerator should be placed in a cool and ventilated environment with at least one window, to avoid the concentration of hot air. In addition, it should be placed 15 cm away from the wall, which will favor the circulation of air. The sun’s rays should not hit the refrigerator directly, as ultraviolet rays may inactivate vaccines. It is also recommended to place it on a wooden base to prevent electricity leakage.
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