A surgical navigation system is a device that helps in the planning and execution of surgical procedures in the operating rooms, that is, it allows the guidance of surgical instruments such as a scalpel. It consists of instruments that are connected to screens by sensors with imaging methods. There are two types of navigation system: optical and electromagnetic, which provide flexibility and efficiency combined in a design that takes up little space in the operating room.
Currently there is an increase in the demand for less invasive surgeries, with reduced hospital stays, little pain for the patient and rapid wound healing. This has led to an increase in the demand for optical surgical navigation systems.
Surgical navigation systems provide optical tracking capabilities as well as integration with external devices such as microscopes and ultrasound.
Procedures where optical surgical navigation systems can be used
- Biopsy
- Catheter placement
- Tumor resection
- Spinal decompression
- Pelvic or spinal fixation
- Treatment for spinal or sacral trauma
- Deep brain stimulation electrode positioning
What is the function of a navigation system?
These surgical optical navigation systems aim to help accurately locate anatomic structures in open or percutaneous procedures. They are now considered an integral part of computer-assisted surgery. That is, they provide surgical procedures based on digital imaging technology and provide surgeons with the opportunity to perform preoperative planning and precise instrument handling during the operation.
In this sense, surgical navigation systems function with conventional imaging techniques such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
What is the basis of an optical surgical navigation system?
An optical surgical navigation system is based on the principle of stereoscopic vision with high accuracy and low cost. At present these surgical navigation systems equipment mainly include polaris navigation systems, microns navigation and others.
These systems are also used in guided neurosurgery. Polaris surgical navigation systems display position information on the monitor using 3D measurement navigation technology via a positioning laser.
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